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Waa maxay dhakaakuhu (miyir-dhinaan ama autism)
What is autism?

Inkastoola ogaadey markii ugu horeesey sanadkii 1943, dhakaakuhu waa naafo aan aad loo aqoon. Haddana isdhaafka dhakaakuhu wuxuu taabtaa ilaa shan boqol oo reer oo UK ku nool.

Dadkadhakaaha qabaa jidh ahaan naafo ma’aha, sida qof maskaxda ka dhaawac ah o kale; ma codsadaan kursi lagu riixo, waxaaney u muuqdaan si qof caadi ah oo naafo lahayn. Qarsoonaantaa awgeed, way adkaan kartaa inaad abuurto ogaansho iyo fahmo astaantan.

‘Sababtoo ah ilmaha dhakaakaha qabaa wuxuu u eegyahay ‘caadi’ dadka qaar waxay moodaan rabshoole ama in aan waalidku rabaynin ilmaha. Dadka aan aqoonini waxay dhahaan waa ‘saaqidnimo’.

Daryeele

Waa maxay dhakaakuhu (autism)

Dhakaakuhuwaa naafo muddo dheer la korta qofka oo saamaysa sida qofku ula hadlo iyo ula macaamilo dadka ku xeeran. Caruurta iyo dadka waaweyn ee qaba dhakaakaha waxay ku dhibanyihiin la xidhiidhka dadka kale si wax ku ool ah. Awoodooda inay asxaab samaystaan way koobantahay sida ay u koobantahay fahankooda dareenka dadka kale.

Dadka qaba dhakaakaha waxay had iyo jeer haystaan naafo waxbarshada ah, laakiin qof kasta oo xanuunkan qabaa waxa dhibaato ku ah sidii uu aduunka u fahmi lahaa.

Waxakale oo jira astaan la dhaho ‘Asperger syndrome’ kaas oo ah nooc dhakaake ah oo loo isticmaalo dadka aad ugu badanyahay dhakaakuhu. Wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah la xidhiidh bogaga waa maxay ‘What is Asperger syndrome?

‘Dhabtu waxay ula muuqataa qofka dhakaakaha qaba mid qasan, iyo dhacdooyin isku dhafan, dad, meelo, codad, iyo aragtiin. Waxaad moodaa inaad jid caddi jirin, hab ama macno waxba. Qayb weyn oo noloshayda ah waxaan ku lumiyey sidii aan u tijaabin lahaa sidaan u ogaan lahaa xadadka ka danbeeyawax kasta.’

Qofkadhakaakeha ahautism?

Waamaxay astaamaha dhakaakuhu (qofka maskaxda ka nuqsaanka ah)?

Dadka dhakaakaha had iyo jeer waxay la kulmaan sadex dhibaato; kuwan waxa loo yaqaan dejiyaasha dhakaakaha.

  • Xidhiidhka bulsho (dhibaatada xidhiidhka bulsho, tusaale in aad dadka ula muuqato mid fog oo aan dadka ka soocan (aan lala saaxiibi karin)).
  • La hadalka bulsho (dhibaato xaga hadalka afka iyo kaan afka ahaynba, sida fahan la’aanta hadalka xarakada, wejiga iyo codka laxankiisa).
  • Qiyaasida (dhibaatada korida, ciyaarista iyo qiyaasida, sida haysashada firfircooni kooban, oo uu qof ka soo eegtay kuna celcelinayo si joogta ah).

Waxadheeraad ku ah dejiyaashan, dhaqan ku celcelis ah iyo ku adkaan in uu bedelo waxa caadada u ah ee celceliska ah.

Maxaakeena autism - ka?

Sababahadhabta ah ma muuqdaan, laakiin baadhistu waxay muujisey in saameeyaal la dhaxlo ay muhiim yihiin. Waxa kale oo caddaan ah baadhista in astaamooyin keeni karaan la xidhiidhidaa maskaxda koritaanka maskaxda, kuwaas oo dhaca ka hor, kadib ama xiliga dhalashada.

Daaweenta

Hadiidaaweenta hore loo soo dhigo, waxa fiicnaanaya fursadaha qofku uu u helayo gargaar iyo taageero haboon.

Ma taageeri karaa dadka autism-ka qaba?

Aqoon khaas ah iyo taageero habaysan ayaa wax ka bedeli kara qofka haysta nolol dhakaaknimo ku jirto, taageeris in farsamada la buuxsho ayaa keeni karta in lagu guulaysto da’da dhalin yaranimo.

Ururka dhakaakaha ee qaranka

Ururka dhakaakaha ee qaranka waxa la abuureyy 1962, waxaanu ku fidey UK isagoo ah ururka ugu horeeya ee dadka qaba xanuunkaa iyo kuwa daryeela, isagoo fidinaya dadaal iyo cod xoogan oo xanuunkaa ku saabsan. Ururku wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa meelo badansiduu u taageero dadka qaba dhakaakaha sidii ay nonoloshooda ugu noolaanlahaayeen madax banaanida ugu badan.

NAS-ta maanta:

  • Waxay maamulaan waxbarashada iyo xarumaha dadka waaweyn
  • Waxay taageeraan ururuda deegaanada sidii ay u kobcin lahaayeen adeeg khaas ah
  • Waxay daabacaan buugaag iyo waraaqo dhawr ah
  • Waxay leeyihiin laybereeri waalidiinta iyo baadhayaashu ay isticmaali karaan, hadii ay balan ka samaystaan
  • Waxay maamulaan khad telifoon taageero ah oo loogu talo galay waalidiinta iyo daryeelayaasha iyo dadka xanuunkaa qaba
  • Waxay debertaa shirarka iyo barnaamijyada tababarka
  • Waxay xidhiidhisaa qorshaha shaqooyinka tabarucayaasha, waalidiinta, iyo asxaabta
  • Waxay bixisaa daween khaas ah iyo adeeg baadhis ah
  • Waxay dhiirigelisaa baadhista waxa xanuunkan keena
  • Waxay taageertaa ururada iyo reeraha ee wadanka oo dhan
  • Waxay sare u qaadaa ogaanshaha iyo fahmada xanuunka dhakaakeha ah
  • Waxay siisaa talooyin farsamoyaqaanada iyo kooxaha dhakaakaha
  • Waxay abuurtaa ictiraafka barnaamijyada waxbarsho iyo daryeel ee xanuunkaa dhakaakaha ah
  • Waxay habaysaa, shaqo la taageero ee dadka waaweyn ee xanuunka dhakaakuhu hayo.

Ururka xanuunka dhakaakaha ee qaran (National Autistic Society)

Xarunta weyn

393 City Road, London

EC1V 1NG

Switchboard: 020 7833 2299

Fax: 020 7833 9666

Minicom: 0845 070 4003

E-mail: [email protected]

www.autism.org.uk

Telifoono muhiim ah

Autism Helpline: 0845 070 4004

Education advice line:

0845 070 4002

Fundraising: 020 7903 3559

Information: 020 7903 3599

Press: 020 7903 3593

Publications: 020 7903 3595

NAS Scotland

Central Chambers

109 Hope Street

Glasgow G2 6LL

Tel: 0141 221 8090

Fax: 0141 221 8118

Email: [email protected]

NAS Wales

Glamorgan House, Monastry Road,

Neath Abbey SA10 7DH

Tel: 01792 815 915

Fax: 01792 815 911

Email: [email protected]

Qaybta adeega – wixii macluumaad ah ee iskuulada NAS ka iyo xarumaha dadka waaweyn

Church House, Church Road

Filton, Bristol BS34 7BD

Tel: 0117 974 8400

Fax: 0117 987 2576

Email: [email protected]

Prospects Employment Consultancy

Tel: 020 7704 7450

Fax: 020 7359 9440

Email: [email protected]

Development and Outreach and Training

Castle Heights, 4th Floor

72 Maid Marian Way

Nottingham NG1 6BJ

Tel: 0115 911 3360

Fax: 0115 911 2259

Email: [email protected]

Tababarada iyo shirarka

Tel: 0115 911 3363/67

Fax: 0115 911 3362

Email: [email protected]

[email protected]

Tel: 0115 911 3369

Fax: 0115 911 3362

Email: [email protected]

Waalid iyo waalid

Tel: 0800 9 520 520

The Centre for Social and Communication Disorders

Elliot House

113 Masons Hill

Bromley BR2 9HT

Tel: 020 8466 0098

Fax: 020 8466 0118

This document was provided by The National Autistic Society. www.nas.org.uk.