Waa maxay dhakaakuhu (miyir-dhinaan ama autism)
What is autism?
Inkastoola ogaadey markii ugu horeesey sanadkii 1943, dhakaakuhu waa naafo aan aad loo aqoon. Haddana isdhaafka dhakaakuhu wuxuu taabtaa ilaa shan boqol oo reer oo UK ku nool.
Dadkadhakaaha qabaa jidh ahaan naafo ma’aha, sida qof maskaxda ka dhaawac ah o kale; ma codsadaan kursi lagu riixo, waxaaney u muuqdaan si qof caadi ah oo naafo lahayn. Qarsoonaantaa awgeed, way adkaan kartaa inaad abuurto ogaansho iyo fahmo astaantan.
‘Sababtoo ah ilmaha dhakaakaha qabaa wuxuu u eegyahay ‘caadi’ dadka qaar waxay moodaan rabshoole ama in aan waalidku rabaynin ilmaha. Dadka aan aqoonini waxay dhahaan waa ‘saaqidnimo’.
Daryeele
Waa maxay dhakaakuhu (autism)
Dhakaakuhuwaa naafo muddo dheer la korta qofka oo saamaysa sida qofku ula hadlo iyo ula macaamilo dadka ku xeeran. Caruurta iyo dadka waaweyn ee qaba dhakaakaha waxay ku dhibanyihiin la xidhiidhka dadka kale si wax ku ool ah. Awoodooda inay asxaab samaystaan way koobantahay sida ay u koobantahay fahankooda dareenka dadka kale.
Dadka qaba dhakaakaha waxay had iyo jeer haystaan naafo waxbarshada ah, laakiin qof kasta oo xanuunkan qabaa waxa dhibaato ku ah sidii uu aduunka u fahmi lahaa.
Waxakale oo jira astaan la dhaho ‘Asperger syndrome’ kaas oo ah nooc dhakaake ah oo loo isticmaalo dadka aad ugu badanyahay dhakaakuhu. Wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah la xidhiidh bogaga waa maxay ‘What is Asperger syndrome?
‘Dhabtu waxay ula muuqataa qofka dhakaakaha qaba mid qasan, iyo dhacdooyin isku dhafan, dad, meelo, codad, iyo aragtiin. Waxaad moodaa inaad jid caddi jirin, hab ama macno waxba. Qayb weyn oo noloshayda ah waxaan ku lumiyey sidii aan u tijaabin lahaa sidaan u ogaan lahaa xadadka ka danbeeyawax kasta.’
Qofkadhakaakeha ahautism?
Waamaxay astaamaha dhakaakuhu (qofka maskaxda ka nuqsaanka ah)?
Dadka dhakaakaha had iyo jeer waxay la kulmaan sadex dhibaato; kuwan waxa loo yaqaan dejiyaasha dhakaakaha.
- Xidhiidhka bulsho (dhibaatada xidhiidhka bulsho, tusaale in aad dadka ula muuqato mid fog oo aan dadka ka soocan (aan lala saaxiibi karin)).
- La hadalka bulsho (dhibaato xaga hadalka afka iyo kaan afka ahaynba, sida fahan la’aanta hadalka xarakada, wejiga iyo codka laxankiisa).
- Qiyaasida (dhibaatada korida, ciyaarista iyo qiyaasida, sida haysashada firfircooni kooban, oo uu qof ka soo eegtay kuna celcelinayo si joogta ah).
Waxadheeraad ku ah dejiyaashan, dhaqan ku celcelis ah iyo ku adkaan in uu bedelo waxa caadada u ah ee celceliska ah.
Maxaakeena autism - ka?
Sababahadhabta ah ma muuqdaan, laakiin baadhistu waxay muujisey in saameeyaal la dhaxlo ay muhiim yihiin. Waxa kale oo caddaan ah baadhista in astaamooyin keeni karaan la xidhiidhidaa maskaxda koritaanka maskaxda, kuwaas oo dhaca ka hor, kadib ama xiliga dhalashada.
Daaweenta
Hadiidaaweenta hore loo soo dhigo, waxa fiicnaanaya fursadaha qofku uu u helayo gargaar iyo taageero haboon.
Ma taageeri karaa dadka autism-ka qaba?
Aqoon khaas ah iyo taageero habaysan ayaa wax ka bedeli kara qofka haysta nolol dhakaaknimo ku jirto, taageeris in farsamada la buuxsho ayaa keeni karta in lagu guulaysto da’da dhalin yaranimo.
Ururka dhakaakaha ee qaranka
Ururka dhakaakaha ee qaranka waxa la abuureyy 1962, waxaanu ku fidey UK isagoo ah ururka ugu horeeya ee dadka qaba xanuunkaa iyo kuwa daryeela, isagoo fidinaya dadaal iyo cod xoogan oo xanuunkaa ku saabsan. Ururku wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa meelo badansiduu u taageero dadka qaba dhakaakaha sidii ay nonoloshooda ugu noolaanlahaayeen madax banaanida ugu badan.
NAS-ta maanta:
- Waxay maamulaan waxbarashada iyo xarumaha dadka waaweyn
- Waxay taageeraan ururuda deegaanada sidii ay u kobcin lahaayeen adeeg khaas ah
- Waxay daabacaan buugaag iyo waraaqo dhawr ah
- Waxay leeyihiin laybereeri waalidiinta iyo baadhayaashu ay isticmaali karaan, hadii ay balan ka samaystaan
- Waxay maamulaan khad telifoon taageero ah oo loogu talo galay waalidiinta iyo daryeelayaasha iyo dadka xanuunkaa qaba
- Waxay debertaa shirarka iyo barnaamijyada tababarka
- Waxay xidhiidhisaa qorshaha shaqooyinka tabarucayaasha, waalidiinta, iyo asxaabta
- Waxay bixisaa daween khaas ah iyo adeeg baadhis ah
- Waxay dhiirigelisaa baadhista waxa xanuunkan keena
- Waxay taageertaa ururada iyo reeraha ee wadanka oo dhan
- Waxay sare u qaadaa ogaanshaha iyo fahmada xanuunka dhakaakeha ah
- Waxay siisaa talooyin farsamoyaqaanada iyo kooxaha dhakaakaha
- Waxay abuurtaa ictiraafka barnaamijyada waxbarsho iyo daryeel ee xanuunkaa dhakaakaha ah
- Waxay habaysaa, shaqo la taageero ee dadka waaweyn ee xanuunka dhakaakuhu hayo.
Ururka xanuunka dhakaakaha ee qaran (National Autistic Society)
Xarunta weyn
393 City Road, London
EC1V 1NG
Switchboard: 020 7833 2299
Fax: 020 7833 9666
Minicom: 0845 070 4003
E-mail: [email protected]
Telifoono muhiim ah
Autism Helpline: 0845 070 4004
Education advice line:
0845 070 4002
Fundraising: 020 7903 3559
Information: 020 7903 3599
Press: 020 7903 3593
Publications: 020 7903 3595
NAS Scotland
Central Chambers
109 Hope Street
Glasgow G2 6LL
Tel: 0141 221 8090
Fax: 0141 221 8118
Email: [email protected]
NAS Wales
Glamorgan House, Monastry Road,
Neath Abbey SA10 7DH
Tel: 01792 815 915
Fax: 01792 815 911
Email: [email protected]
Qaybta adeega – wixii macluumaad ah ee iskuulada NAS ka iyo xarumaha dadka waaweyn
Church House, Church Road
Filton, Bristol BS34 7BD
Tel: 0117 974 8400
Fax: 0117 987 2576
Email: [email protected]
Prospects Employment Consultancy
Tel: 020 7704 7450
Fax: 020 7359 9440
Email: [email protected]
Development and Outreach and Training
Castle Heights, 4th Floor
72 Maid Marian Way
Nottingham NG1 6BJ
Tel: 0115 911 3360
Fax: 0115 911 2259
Email: [email protected]
Tababarada iyo shirarka
Tel: 0115 911 3363/67
Fax: 0115 911 3362
Email: [email protected]
Tel: 0115 911 3369
Fax: 0115 911 3362
Email: [email protected]
Waalid iyo waalid
Tel: 0800 9 520 520
The Centre for Social and Communication Disorders
Elliot House
113 Masons Hill
Bromley BR2 9HT
Tel: 020 8466 0098
Fax: 020 8466 0118
This document was provided by The National Autistic Society. www.nas.org.uk.
Document Links
- www.nas.org.uk
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The National Autistic Society web site
http://www.nas.org.uk